Periodontics

What is the Periodontium?

The periodontium is a biological and functional development unit, subject to morphological modifications related to functional and environmental alterations, which can be divided into two structures:

• Protective periodontium, where the gum is located.
• Insertion periodontium, which is made up of periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone.

Among the normal clinical characteristics of the periodontium, the following are of note:

• Colour: pink, due to the vascular supply, thickness and keratinization of the epithelium.
• Contour: scalloped, depending on the shape, alignment and point of contact of the tooth. Contour also comes from the interdental papilla and marginal gingiva.
• Consistency: is firm and resilient, due to the collagenous nature of the lamina propria and its anterior proximity.
• Texture: dotted with orange, due to projection of the connective tissue.
• Thickness: corresponds to the sum of the keratinized tissue (gums) and the alveolar process.

However, by not maintaining good oral hygiene, the tissues begin to undergo a series of changes over time, complicating the state of oral health, and causing periodontal disease. If the disease is not treated in a timely manner, the soft tissue becomes inflamed, the fibres are destroyed, the gum separates from the tooth and the bone begins to re-absorb.

What diseases can we avoid with our periodontal treatments in Barcelona

The signs of periodontal disease are bleeding gums, bad breath and mobility of the teeth, but otherwise it is an asymptomatic disease. When tooth loss is unavoidable, implant surgery should be used to replace them. Periodontal diseases linked to dentition are:

• Gingivitis: includes problems of bleeding and inflamed gums but without bone involvement. When the gums are inflamed by the bacterial plaque that adheres to the tooth and then hardens, forming the dental plaque commonly called tartar and causing bleeding. Correct oral hygiene and professional treatment can reverse gingivitis and prevent bone loss.

• Periodontitis: is a consequence of untreated gingivitis, where dental tartar/calculus accumulates below the gum, forming periodontal sacs, which damage the dental root and surrounding tissues and, if not treated in time, can trigger tooth loss.

Periodontal treatment ranges from correcting hygiene techniques with which to control bacterial plaque , due to the accumulation of food debris that leads to the proliferation of bacteria attacking the gums and tissues, through to the elimination of the triggers around it.

Periodontal therapy is aimed at the elimination and control of periodontal disease, and elimination of the bacterial plaque and calculus that causes periodontal disease. The goal of this therapy is not only linked to removal of all plaque or calculus but also the removal of retentive factors such as poorly adapted restorations (crowns or & nbsp; inlays) and/or poorly contoured resins that can alter adjacent periodontal tissues.

At Casanova 25 Dental Clinic we focus on preventive oral health therapy , so our first step in the Periodontics service is to motivate the patient to take care of their oral health, explaining how correct brushing should be performed and what instruments/devices can be used to protect periodontal tissues.

Inflammation of the soft tissue must be controlled and prepared for a possible surgical phase. Depending on the location of calculus in the oral cavity, different treatments are performed. Hygiene, curettage and grafts.